Dental plaque is a sticky, colourless film that forms on the teeth and gums. It is made up of bacteria, food particles, and saliva and can cause several problems if not removed regularly. This article will discuss what dental plaque is, how it forms, and the consequences of allowing it to build up.
How dental plaque forms
Dental plaque forms when bacteria in the mouth combine with food particles and saliva. The bacteria produce waste products and toxins, which stick to the teeth and gums and form a sticky film. Over time, this film can harden and become more difficult to remove.
Bacteria are the main culprits in the formation of dental plaque. There are hundreds of different types of bacteria in the mouth, and they are constantly multiplying and shedding cells. When bacteria combine with food particles and saliva, they form a sticky film that adheres to the teeth and gums. This process can happen very quickly, so it’s important to brush and floss regularly to remove plaque before it can harden.
The consequences of dental plaque
If left untreated, dental plaque can have serious consequences for dental health. Plaque not removed can harden and form calculus, also known as tartar. Tartar is more difficult to remove than plaque and can lead to tooth decay and gum disease.
Tooth decay is a common consequence of dental plaque. When bacteria in plaque produce waste products, they release acids that can dissolve the enamel on the teeth. This can cause cavities, small holes in the teeth that can be painful and unsightly. If left untreated, cavities can become larger and more serious, requiring more extensive treatment such as fillings or root canals.
Gum disease is another common consequence of dental plaque. Plaque that is not removed can cause inflammation of the gums and a condition called gingivitis. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more serious form of gum disease that can cause the gums to pull away from the teeth and the supporting bone to deteriorate.
How to prevent dental plaque
The best way to prevent dental plaque is to practice good oral hygiene. This means brushing your teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and using an antimicrobial mouthwash. It’s also important to avoid sugary and starchy foods, which can feed the bacteria in plaque and increase the risk of tooth decay.
In addition to practising good oral hygiene at home, getting regular professional cleanings is also important. During a professional cleaning, the dentist or hygienist will use special tools to remove plaque and tartar from the teeth and gums. This can help prevent the formation of calculus and the development of tooth decay and gum disease.
Conclusion
In conclusion, dental plaque is a common and preventable problem that can seriously affect dental health. By practising good oral hygiene and getting regular professional cleanings, you can help prevent the formation of dental plaque and maintain good dental health.
