What is a dental crown? Types, process and when you need one

From the Dental crowns guide

A dental crown, sometimes called a cap, is a custom-made covering that fits over a damaged tooth. It restores the tooth’s strength, shape and appearance, and it protects what is left of the natural tooth underneath.

When do you need a crown?

• A tooth is too damaged or decayed for a filling
• A tooth has had a root canal, especially a back tooth
• A tooth is cracked or badly worn
• A large old filling is failing
• An implant needs a visible tooth on top
• A bridge needs anchors
• You want to improve the shape or colour of a tooth

What are the types of crown?

Material	Good for	Things to know
Zirconia	Strength, and front or back teeth	Strong, and can look very natural
All-ceramic	Front teeth	Excellent appearance
Porcelain fused to metal	Front or back teeth	Strong, though a dark line may show at the gum over time
Metal alloy	Back teeth	Very durable, but not tooth-coloured

What actually happens, and will it hurt?

A crown usually takes 2 visits over 2 to 3 weeks.

1. Assessment. Your dentist examines the tooth and takes X-rays if needed.
2. Preparing the tooth. The tooth is numbed and reshaped so the crown can fit. You should feel pressure rather than pain.
3. Impression or scan. This records the shape of your tooth.
4. Temporary crown. This protects the tooth while the permanent crown is made.
5. Fitting. The crown is checked for fit, bite and colour, then fixed in place.

Some sensitivity for a few days is common. Tell us if your bite feels high.

How long does a crown last?

With good care, crowns commonly last many years. Clean around the crown as you would a natural tooth, because decay can still start at its edge. Avoid chewing ice or using your teeth as tools, and ask about a night guard if you grind.

How much does it cost?

Crowns at Arrow Dental start from KES 26,000.